How to do a gap analysis as a BA

Gap analysis is a technique used by the BA to understand the difference between the current state of a business and the future state that what the business wants to achieve It helps the BA to identify what is not working properly and what changes are required to achieve the desired future. To do a gap analysis first is to understand the current state of a business as a business analyst study the document of business Study the existing business process, capabilities of a business, what are the applications used in that business, what are the system involved in the business, date of the business. 2 To understand the business process BA should communicate with stakeholders and And the one who are actually performing the work that helps to understand the problems of current system what are the delays and inefficiencies of the current business. After understanding the current business problem then define the future state of the business Further discuss with stakeholders and understand what they want from the new system to achieve the desired goals of a future system further identify the Expected changes new improvements new challenges new capabilities and new business objectives. The defined future state must be aligned with organizations business strategy and stakeholder expectations. After defining the future state identify the gaps for that compare the current state with future state and identify the difference between them, Try to collect the information that what is missing or what is insufficient In current business Process. The identified gaps or based on evidence not on assumptions. After identifying the gaps classify them based on the type of problem like is it a process cap come on data gap come on technological gap or skills gap Then prioritize the identified gaps based on impact and feasibility, If the gap is making high impact on business and it is highly Feasible then mark it as a high priority gap. After prioritizing the Identified gaps, Then map the gaps to solution options and requirements.. The gap analysis helps a BA to clearly understand the current state and future state of a business and what are the gaps between them and what are the changes required to improve the Business from current state to desired future state. For example: if an E commerce company is currently receiving many customer complaints about order tracking, So as a business analyst BA should identify the current state, future state, and what is the gap, and the gap type, priority of gap, and requirement or solution to that identified gap.so for that study the current state like customers cannot track their orders directly through their applications so they have to call customer support to know the status of their order. then define the future state like the business wants customer to track their order directly through the application So customer should be able to see this status. defining the future state identify the gap like compare the current state with future state then identify the gap. the main gap here is application does not have a real time order tracking feature. then classify this gap as a technological gap because the existing application does not support the real time tracking, and to prioritize this gap discuss with stakeholders and understand the impact of this gap on the current system and consider it as a high priority gap then map it with the solution.